Preheat oven to 375°F (190°C) and lightly grease a 9x13 inch ceramic baking dish.
In a heavy-bottomed saucepan, melt butter over medium heat and whisk in flour to create a blond roux, cooking for 2 minutes.
Slowly temper the roux with milk, whisking continuously until the mixture is smooth and thickened.
Incorporate 2 cups of shredded cheddar cheese, salt, pepper, nutmeg, and garlic powder into the sauce until fully melted and homogenous.
Arrange half of the sweet potato slices in the base of the prepared dish in an overlapping pattern.
Distribute the shredded roasted chicken evenly over the first layer of sweet potatoes.
Pour half of the cheddar cheese sauce over the chicken layer.
Top with the remaining sweet potato slices and pour the remaining sauce over the top, ensuring full coverage.
Cover the dish tightly with aluminum foil and bake for 30 minutes.
Remove the foil, sprinkle with the remaining 0.5 cup of cheddar cheese, and bake for an additional 20 minutes until the potatoes are fork-tender and the surface is golden brown.
Allow the gratin to rest for 10 minutes before garnishing with chives and serving.